Varicose veins of the lower extremities: symptoms, photos and treatment of deep veins

Deep varicose veins are a very unpleasant and rather dangerous damage to the venous vessels of the circulatory system.

Deep varicose veins of the lower extremities are a pathology that spreads to the vessels that pass into the muscular structures of the legs. The elongation and expansion of the venous vessels significantly impedes blood flow and becomes the cause of the onset and progression of thrombosis.

The risk of this disease lies in the occurrence of a high probability of detachment of a thrombus that forms in the vessel wall and its transfer to the pulmonary artery.

When this disease occurs, an irreversible process of elongation and expansion of venous vessels occurs. As the procedure progresses, there is a thinning of the venous wall and the formation of nodules that prevent the free transport of blood through the vessels.

Most often people aged 30-40 years and older are affected by this disease.

Reasons for the development of varicose veins of the lower extremities

The causes of the onset and development of the disease can be a variety of side effects. Varicose veins are the result of a serious disturbance in blood circulation in a specific area of ​​the lower extremities.

As the disease progresses in the patient, trophic ulcers may appear at the site of the circulatory disturbances, which may cause gangrene - a condition that requires amputation of the affected limb.

In addition, VRV can cause deformity of the muscles of the lower extremities and the formation of a blood clot with possible subsequent separation and transfer to the pulmonary artery can lead to death.

The main factors that contribute to the appearance and development of the disorder are the following:

• the presence of a genetically determined hereditary predisposition that leads to congenital pathologies and weakness of the cells of the walls of the venous vessels.
• gender - women get sick much more often than men, which is associated with the appearance of hormonal changes during pregnancy, the onset of menopause and in the case of the use of hormonal drugs and contraceptives.
• the patient has increased venous pressure due to decreased mobility and increased degree of static overload with prolonged standing and overweight.

In addition, the causes of the disease can be:

1. Provide regular increased load on the extremities.
2. Serious damage to the immune system.
3. Constant compression of blood vessels in the feet when wearing tight shoes.
4. Are overweight or obese.
5. Development of various forms of dermatitis.
6. Consequences of surgeries.
7. Provide increased static loads on the lower extremities.
8. Alcohol and smoking abuse.

In addition, cellulite can cause the development of pathology.

Early detection of the disease allows a visit to a specialized phlebolg at the first suspicion of the onset of the disease.

The main signs of deep vein varicose veins

Most of the time, in the early stages of the disease, the disease manifests itself with the appearance of a slight feeling of fatigue in the legs after prolonged static load or when you take a long walk. In addition, during this period, there is a slight swelling of the limb tissues.

The most common symptoms of the disorder appear at the end of the day and gradually disappear with long rest. When these signs appear, it is necessary to consult a venologist and conduct special studies to identify and clarify the presence of pathology.

The use of laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods allows us to determine the degree of development of the disease and decide on the use of a timely and adequate course of treatment of the disease. As the disease progresses, it progresses to more advanced stages, characterized by the appearance of a whole range of symptoms and signs that characterize a progressive disease.

For advanced stages of pathology, the following symptoms are typical:

• the appearance of severe leg pain at night and at night.
• the appearance of persistent soft tissue swelling and gravity in the lower extremities.
• the presence of continuous soft tissue swelling leads to an increase in limb size.
• the patient has frequent cramps in the calf area, more often such phenomena occur at night.
• the skin in the affected areas acquires a blue tinge on the extremities.
• there are protrusions of the affected venous vessels in the legs, thighs and lower legs during exercise on the legs.

Further development of the disease leads to the appearance of small wounds that can not heal for a long time and then turn into food ulcers.

In the absence of adequate and timely treatment, the development of the disease for the patient can be fatal. The progression of varicose veins leads to gradual deformation of muscle structures and the appearance of negative changes in the skin and bone mass.

With prolonged progression, the patient shows signs of eczema and forms food ulcers that can turn into gangrene. This leads to rot or death.

The process of clot formation develops in the venous vessels affected by varicose veins. As a result of this process, the formed clot is able to break and be transported through the circulatory system.

When a blood clot enters the pulmonary artery, it is blocked and a person dies.

Basic diagnostic methods

An experienced venologist can diagnose the presence of varicose veins in the lower extremities with characteristic symptoms that are clearly visible even in the photo of the legs, but the methods of treatment of the disease are selected separately after detailed examination of the patient and taking into account allthe individual characteristics of his body.

Laboratory and organic diagnostic methods are used to detect the presence and stage of disease development. Laboratory methods include a general blood and urine test.

The most common method of diagnosing organs is the use of ultrasound examination of the venous vessels of the legs. This technique allows you to visualize the vascular system and determine the degree of progress of the pathological process.

Additionally, if necessary, your doctor will prescribe the following:

1. Venography.
2. Photofluorescence.

The use of venous occlusion allows the detection of blood volume in the veins of the lower extremities.

Only after a thorough examination and receipt of the results, the patient is given the appropriate course of treatment.

Modern medicine offers many treatment options for the disease - medicines, non-medicines and surgeries.

In addition, after consultation with your doctor, you can use non-traditional and alternative home remedies.

Treatment of varicose veins

Surgery is the most reliable way to treat the disease. The use of medication in the form of tablets, special ointments and gels for external use can play a complementary role and, in fact, supportive treatment.

The use of drug therapy involves the use of different types of drugs during treatment - anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, phlebotonic and fibrinolytic effect

Anticoagulants dilute the blood and prevent the formation of blood clots. Anti-inflammatory drugs help relieve inflammatory processes in the walls of the venous vessels. Venotonics allow you to increase the tone of the venous walls and fibrinolytics help to dissolve small clots and clean the venous bed.

Thanks to the use of drugs, the disappearance of such a manifestation of the disease as edema is observed, in addition, there is an improvement in the condition of the superficial skin. The main condition for the use of drugs is strict adherence to the doctor's recommendations and compliance with the dosages of the drugs taken.

For complete treatment of varicose veins, surgery is recommended.

In addition, surgical methods are used in the absence of positive dynamics during drug treatment.

The most common methods of surgical treatment of pathology are:

• slrotherapy;
• phlebectomy?
• laser coagulation.

Sclerotherapy involves the use of special substances during the procedure - hardeners, which are injected into the lumen of the affected vein and lead to adhesion of the vessel walls. This procedure allows you to remove the venous vessel from the circulatory system, which prevents the development of pathology. This technique is very rarely used in case of a serious form of violation.

Phlebectomy is the removal of the affected area of ​​the venous vessel. Most often, this method is used to detect superficial venous lesions, but in some cases it is applicable to the treatment of deep venous vessels of the extremities.

Laser coagulation is a type of minimally invasive surgery performed using a laser, it allows you to remove the affected area of ​​the vein from the circulatory system by sticking its walls under the action of laser radiation. This method of treatment has received the largest number of positive reviews from patients, due to the fact that it is practically painless and does not require a long recovery period.

The use of surgical treatments allows you to completely get rid of the symptoms that characterize varicose veins. And the choice of technical intervention depends on the degree of development of the pathology, the individual characteristics of the patient and is made by the treating physician.