Varicose veins in the legs, the initial stage of treatment

Today, such a disease as varicose veins is the most common. As a rule, a sedentary lifestyle leads to the development of an illness and an early reaction to the body's signals leads to rather serious consequences, which in turn are detrimental to health. In this article we will look at such a topic as varicose veins, photos, the initial stage of treatment. I would like to note that varicose veins are usually called a disease characterized by stagnation of blood in the blood vessels of the lower extremities, due to which the peripheral veins are swollen. The swollen blood vessels are dark blue, in the absence of proper treatment, turn purple, clots and ulcers begin to form and severe pain occurs.

Symptoms of the disease in the early stages of development

Varicose veins of the legs are a rather insidious disease - this is due to the fact that this disease is very difficult to diagnose in the early stages of development. The symptoms of the disease are similar to many other diseases, such as osteochondrosis or flat feet. Patients with varicose veins often seek professional medical help when there is severe swelling and pain in the extremities.

However, there are many common symptoms, noting that you should contact a specialist immediately to find out the cause of the disease and find out which varicose veins in the legs, photos, the initial stage of treatment. The initial symptoms of the disease include an increase in venous motif, however, as a rule, in this case, there is no swelling, pain and swelling of blood vessels.

Consider the most obvious symptoms that indicate the presence of such a disease as varicose veins:

• the appearance of leg pain, which can occur at any time, also often such symptoms are accompanied by itching and cramps in the limbs during sleep.
• the appearance of a feeling of fatigue and swelling in the legs.
• the skin changes color, the skin in problem areas acquires a blue tint, it becomes drier.
• swelling of veins above the surface of the skin and the appearance of characteristic spider veins.

Why varicose veins are dangerous

Note that, as mentioned above, an issue such as varicose veins in the legs photographing the initial stage of treatment is very relevant to many. This is due to the fact that varicose veins are a very dangerous disease and a cosmetic defect in the form of swollen veins is just the tip of the iceberg. The disease can lead to very serious complications, so the treatment of varicose veins is necessary!

As you can see in the photo of the initial stage of the disease, its characteristic symptomatology is the swelling of the veins, which is far from harmless, let us list the diseases that can cause varicose veins.

• Varicose veins- this disease involves the onset of an inflammatory process in the venous walls. As a rule, patients with varicose veins constantly feel quite intense pain. In addition, painful lumps appear in the affected area.
• Thrombophlebitis- the disease is characterized by the formation of blood clots in the inflamed and dilated veins. Note that thrombophlebitis occurs due to the lack of proper treatment for varicose veins. In addition to pain in the extremities, the patient feels a general weakness, loses his appetite.
• Food ulcers- this is another complication of varicose veins, manifested by malnutrition of the skin, which leads to dermatitis, the consequence of which is difficult to cure food ulcers.

Preparations for varicose veins

Ointments

Today the pharmaceutical market offers a wide range of drugs for the treatment of diseases including varicose veins and ointments for varicose veins deserve special attention.

Anticoagulants. These drugs for the treatment of varicose veins are the most popular. The main task of the ointment is a complex effect, which helps to reduce blood viscosity, absorption of blood clots that have appeared, reduce the inflammatory process and reduce the symptoms of pain. Drugs provide the maximum positive effect when applied in the early stages of the disease, improving blood circulation and strengthening the walls of blood vessels.

Sodium heparin-based ointment, prevents blood clots and reduces blood clotting.

Venetian medicine helps to effectively treat the symptoms of varicose veins, strengthen blood vessels and suppress inflammatory processes.

Creams

Varicose vein creams are also effective, as are ointments due to their active ingredients, which can effectively fight the unpleasant symptoms of the disease.

Ketoprofen-based creams actively suppress inflammatory processes in the vessels of the lower extremities. These drugs belong to the non-steroidal group, which indicates its effectiveness in removing swelling and eliminating pain.

Creams based on natural ingredients that help effectively eliminate varicose veins. The advantage of the cream is that it has no negative effect on the patient with varicose veins.

Rutin-based creams are effective at the cellular level due to which the inflammatory process is quickly suppressed. The drug has a decongestant effect, improves vascular tone, regulates intravenous pressure and quickly eliminates pain.

Pills

The main effect of bioflavonoid-based tablets is to increase the properties of blood vessels, such as elasticity and tone, which in turn improves blood circulation and prevents blood clots. Thanks to taking these drugs, such as a phenomenon such as venous stasis, the permeability of the venous vessels is eliminated.

Effective folk remedies for varicose veins

Cabbage.Even our ancestors used a variety of folk remedies to treat a disease like varicose veins. One of them is the treatment with cabbage leaves. The effectiveness of this vegetable lies in the fact that cabbage can quickly relieve inflammation, due to the vitamins and trace elements it contains. Usually, the leaves of white cabbage for the treatment of varicose veins are used in the form of compresses. To make a medical compress, you will need a cabbage leaf, which must first be beaten properly. After that, one side of the leaf is smeared with vegetable oil and applied to the area of ​​inflammation for a day (attached with a bandage). The course of treatment is 1 month.

Ginger.This herb, used in cooking, can be used to treat varicose veins as an external and internal medicine. Ginger tea will help treat almost any disease at any stage of its development, including varicose veins. You can also make ginger. To do this, you need to rub a piece of ginger root, mix it with natural honey and apply it on the affected area for 3-4 hours.

Kalina.Like ginger, viburnum can be used to treat varicose veins as an enhanced drink and as an effective compress. To prepare the compress, the berries should be ground into a wet state, placed in a prepared bandage or gauze, and applied to the problem area. It is best to do such a compress at night.

The initial stage of varicose veins - the first symptoms

Today, varicose veins are one of the most common dangerous diseases, both among women and men. According to WHO statistics, varicose veins of the lower extremities can lead to the death of a person from thrombophlebitis, food ulcers and related cancers.

Every patient should know the causes, symptoms and stages of the disease, in order to avoid the serious consequences of this pathology.

Reasons and stages of development

Varicose veins occur as a result of venous wall pathologies and venous valve dysfunction, whose mission is to carry carbon dioxide-enriched blood from the lower extremities to the lungs for gas exchange.

As a result of inadequate blood flow and valve dysfunction, blood accumulates in the blood vessels, the pressure in the veins in the legs increases, which leads to swelling of the weak venous wall. This is how varicose veins develop.

There are several factors that can cause disease. These include:

1. Heredity.
2. Obesity.
3. Having bad habits.
4. Pregnancy.
5. Taking hormonal drugs for a long time.
6. Cardiovascular diseases leading to blood clots.
7. Sedentary lifestyle that causes blood stasis.
8. Long-term professions.
9. Walking in high heels.

Under the influence of these factors, foot disease develops, which progresses in various stages. Each of them is characterized by specific clinical manifestations.There are 4 stages of varicose veins in medical practice:

• early stage varicose veins, pictured above, passespractically asymptomatic. A person has only a predominant feeling of heaviness in the legs, slight swelling and pain. Small spider veins begin to appear on the skin of the thighs and legs.
• grade 1 varicose veins, also shown in the photo, are characterized by frequent calf muscle cramps, a burning sensation that spreads from the lower leg to the sole of the foot, and swelling of the ankles.
• for the second degreecharacterized by abundance of spider veins, severe swelling, constant pain in the legs, increase in the area of ​​the protruding veins.
• third degreeindicates skin involvement in the disease process: it becomes scaly, thin, often colored near the ankle. The risk of thrombosis is very high. The veins swell and dilate a lot. The patient, in addition to pain, is haunted by a constant burning sensation, eczema and dermatitis on the skin of the lower extremities, deep ulcers form when the skin is injured.

IMPORTANT! If treatment is not started in the early stages, then the disease is very difficult to treat conservatively in the future and threatens the patient with mortal risk!

The first symptoms of varicose veins

The first symptoms of varicose veins in the legs are difficult to diagnose.The patient confuses them for some time with fatigue and muscle tension. With such sensations, especially if before there was no heavy load on the feet, you should contact a specialist, because you can cure the disease at an early stage, without resorting to surgeries and exhausting procedures. Phlebologists and surgeons treat varicose veins.

The following symptoms show the first signs of varicose veins:

1. Stable gravity on the legs. This is due to reduced circulation in the legs due to venous valve dysfunction. Because of this, the pressure in the vein increases sharply, extends even further and causes pain.
2. Swelling of the lower extremities. The symptom manifests itself as a result of a large load on the venous system. If the pain in the vein and the redness of the skin outweigh the swelling, we can talk about the development of thrombophlebitis - an extremely dangerous complication of varicose veins.
3. Increasing the circumference of the lower legup to 1 cm at night is associated with edema.
4. The sensations of painintensify with exercise and disappear by the next morning.
5. Spider veinsin the legs and thighs. Some patients consider them a cosmetic defect. Their appearance shows the pathology of the large varicose vein that feeds them. Only ultrasound diagnostics can confirm or deny it.
6. The protruding veins.

Initially, the first signs of varicose veins in the legs disappear quickly if you let your feet rest in a comfortable position. However,this should alert the patient, as it is a definite symptom of the onset of the disease.

Then the patient may feel a burning sensation in the veins. If you do not pay enough attention to these symptoms, the patient may experience cramps in the calf muscles at night and fatigue in the legs below the knees.

WARNING! The symptoms of premature varicose veins are similar to other diseases - flat feet and lumbar osteochondrosis. That is why it is so important to seek advice from a venologist to rule out other diagnoses and start treatment on time!

Diagnostics and treatment

As a rule, varicose veins in the initial stage, shown in the photo,are painless. The patient, and according to statistics, women suffer from varicose veins twice as often as men, seek help from a doctor about the vascular network. The doctor conducts an examination and prescribes the necessary studies to assess the degree of venous circulation impairment.

For this, a general blood test may be prescribedto show the presence or absence of thrombocytopenia, a biochemical blood test to detect liver problems, and a vascular ultrasound.

Shows the pathology of the vascular wall. If the diagnosis is confirmed, the patient is referred for X-ray venography, which determines the location of the venous lesion.

After the examination, the doctor prescribes treatment that can prevent the transition from the initial stage of the varicose veins to the next ones.

For this, the underlying disease is treated- endocrine, cardiovascular etc. Then the risk factors are eliminated, only then the patient offers to change his lifestyle, his diet and give up bad habits.

No medical treatment is provided at an early stage of varicose veins. Experts believe that it is enough to usecompression underwear - either special socks and tights, or elastic bandages, which should be applied to the feet when waking up and worn throughout the day. This treatment can evenly distribute the load on the legs and improve blood circulation.

Forms of the disease

The type of vascular insufficiency depends on the veins that affected the disease, the prevalence of the procedure, and the location. There are varicose veins:

• reticular (small vascular);
• partial (focal);
• perforation (damage to the connecting veins);
• main (pathology of a small or large vein under the skin).

Each type of varicose veins has features in terms of external manifestations. The presence of complications depends on the stage of the disease.

Rhythmic form

Of all the known types of varicose veins, this is the easiest. The disease mainly affects women's feet; men are rarely affected by this pathology.

In the initial stage of varicose veins, the reticular shape can only be determined by enhancing the vascular shape. It is a blue grid of small venous fragments with a diameter of not more than 3 mm. It is most often found in the thighs in the area of ​​the lateral surfaces. First, several fragments similar to asterisks appear and then more extensive areas are affected.

This form of varicose veins is often called cosmetic, it is not dangerous for blood flow, but it gives women an aesthetic discomfort. Articular varicose veins of the legs can cause:

This form is the most treatable form. One of the most effective methods of treating such varicose veins is microscopic sclerotherapy. It is not dangerous and painless. But often patients do not consider the manifestations of spider veins as a serious reason to contact a venologist. In this case, the disease turns into a chronic pathology. May cause bleeding from superficial vessels.

The reticular form of varicose veins requires mandatory medical advice. This will prevent complications.

Section Form

This type of varicose veins can already appear in the early stages of the disease. In the segmental form, larger vessels with a diameter of 3 mm or more are affected. But the disease is focal, only one or more riparian veins lose their tone. This type of pathology is characterized by the absence of reverse blood discharge, which facilitates treatment.

If you look at the photo of the varicose veins in the legs in part, you can see the swollen branches from the main vein in the lower leg. These are the riverside boats.

Treatment of the disease is conservative. With delayed treatment and the formation of nodular complaints, miniflectomy can be used. Partial varicose veins are located in the vestibule and on the back of the foot and in the popliteal fossa.

Trunk

This pathology affects the large and small main veins. Large, suffers several times more often than small. In the photo of varicose veins in the legs, the protrusion of the large vessels in the lower leg, lateral thighs and legs is clearly visible. The vascular wall in the legs is tense and the nodular formations are visible.

The disease progresses with the characteristic symptoms of chronic circulatory failure. Due to the defeat of the vascular valves, regression (reverse discharge) occurs. Normally, the blood moves in one direction. If the valves are insufficient, they do not close completely and the containers are overloaded. For this reason, the veins stretch and lose their elasticity.

Varicose veins of the trunk require serious treatment. Minor surgeries and conservative methods are used more often.

In the absence of proper treatment, the main varicose veins in the legs are complicated by thrombophlebitis and thrombosis.

Drill shape

Deep veins and saphenous veins are present in the legs. They are connected to each other by boats, which are called perforated boats.

These veins are no less important than the trunk veins. Their defeat leads to insufficient blood circulation in the legs. Blood is not completely directed into the bloodstream. This contributes to stagnation and clot formation.

• An image of varicose veins in the legs with perforated vein lesions clearly shows the presence of swollen blood vessels.
• visible and bruises are visible in some places. the skin becomes darker.
• rash and scratches may occur.

The location of this form varies and depends on the location of the affected vein. These are the legs, thighs and ankles. Sometimes the vessels even swell in the Achilles tendon and below the knee. Treatment is often surgical, but with simple outbreaks, they are minimally invasive methods.

Varicose veins of the legs

Phlebologists around the world organize annual forums and seminars dedicated to varicose veins. The types and forms of the disease are constantly changing. Experts describe the stages of varicose veins in different ways. Their number is constantly changing. The last approved classification contains seven points:

• First or zero. It does not manifest with external signs. Patients complain only of heaviness, fatigue and swelling. Sometimes recurrent seizures can be bothersome.
• Second. In the photo of the second stage, you can clearly see the vascular network in the cups and thighs. The symptoms remain the same.
• Third. The protrusions of the vessels are clearly visible, especially during exercise or in a sitting position. In addition to the veins, blue nodules appear on the legs. Patients feel pain and tension.
• Fourth. The appearance of edema is added to the swollen veins. By nightfall, the legs are full and in the morning everything returns to normal. Swelling can cause numbness or tingling in the legs.
• Fifth. Metabolic processes are interrupted. There is not enough tissue nutrition and nutritional changes are formed in the skin. They can appear as dry patches, redness and scratching. The skin around the veins becomes darker in color. Thrombophlebitis may occur.
• Sixth. The photo of this stage is different from the others. Shows strong food ulcers in the veins of the lower extremities. As a result of mass treatment, wounds heal with primary intent.
• Seventh. The last stage. In other classifications, it is called decompression. The most negative effect of the disease. Non-healing ulcers form on the feet. They can get wet and clean. This degree requires urgent treatment in inpatients. It can be complicated by sepsis and thromboembolism.

Types of varicose veins in the legs, complicated by a violation of skin integrity and the addition of a secondary infection, can be life-threatening.

There is another classification that provides for three stages of varicose veins:

• Compensation. It manifests itself only with local symptoms (pain, convulsions, severity). No external changes are observed in the blood vessels.
• Compensation. External signs of moderate varicose veins develop. Spider veins and signs of partial lesions appear.
• Compensation. Serious consequences of chronic venous insufficiency. Food damage, ulcers and thrombosis.

General characteristics and causes of varicose veins

In a healthy person, venous blood rises from the legs to the heart under the influence of pressure, which in normal condition is enough to overcome gravity. When this mechanism is disrupted, the body is forced to increase the pressure to push the blood up.

As a result of this procedure, valve insufficiency occurs, which is characterized by blood flow to the superficial veins from the deep. As the pressure inside the vessels increases, their walls lose elasticity, stretch and exhaustion, which leads to the formation of visible bluish subcutaneous nodules.

Reasons for developing lower extremity varicose veins:

Elevated progesterone levels in a woman's body. This hormone has a negative effect on the condition of the venous walls and valves, making them weak and unprotected. Congenital malformations of the valves or the walls of the veins, lack of connective tissue, poor clarity of the deep veins, genetic predisposition.

Tumors located in the legs, in the abdominal cavity.

Injuries to the lower extremity.

Diseases of the endocrine system.

Thrombophlebitis.

Diseases of the joints - osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis etc.

Long-term use of hormonal contraceptives.

A sedentary lifestyle that often leads to leg postures

Increased intra-abdominal pressure. It usually occurs with lung disease or with frequent constipation.

Overweight.

Wear tight clothing and shoes.

The presence in the diet of large amounts of foods high in calories and fats, the absence of fiber.

Smoking, frequent consumption of alcohol.

During pregnancy, BPVD occurs particularly frequently, as during this periodthere are global changes in hormone levels, as well as weight gain.

Men suffer from this disease if theirlifestyle is associated with hard physical workor prolonged stay on their feet - machine operators, loaders, etc. Varicose veins can also occur as a result of certain sports activities.

Varicose veins need urgent treatment, the absence of which can have serious consequences: development of thrombophlebitis, bleeding from venous nodes and trophic ulcer that can cause amputation of the leg.

10.11.2020